The collection, which consists of around 1,000 items, is divided into two distinct sections: the natural history section and the archaeological-ethnographic section. The first includes mineralogical, zoological, and paleontological collections; the archaeological section contains 780 stone tools dating back to the prehistoric period. The completeness of the finds has allowed for a fairly comprehensive depiction of the history of the Sahara. The modern artifacts present have also made possible the creation of a small ethnographic section, highlighting the continuity of certain aspects of material culture in the Saharan environment.